Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association Publication_Date: 2005 Title: H11045_1M_UTM18_WGS84.TIF: Composite Mosaic of Sidescan Sonar NOAA Survey H11045 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Other_Citation_Details: Data are released via DVD Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1162/data/sidescan/utm/h11045_1m_utm18_wgs84.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: E. Beaulieu Originator: L.J. Poppe Originator: V.F. Paskevich Originator: E.F. Doran Originator: B.E. Chauveau Originator: J.M. Crocker Originator: A.L. Beaver Originator: P.T. Schattgen Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Sidescan Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretation of the Sea Floor off Bridgeport, Connecticut Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1162 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1162 Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, has produced detailed geologic maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States. These studies have built upon cooperative research with the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982. The current phase of this research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, nearshore environmental concerns, and the relation of benthic community structures to the sea-floor geology. Anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994). Detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help manage resources wisely in the future. Therefore, in a continuing effort to better understand Long Island Sound, we have constructed and interpreted sidescan sonar mosaics (complete-coverage acoustic images of the sea floor) within specific areas of special interest. The mosaic presented herein covers a 190.3 km square area of the sea floor in the West-Central Basin of Long Island Sound. The mosaics and their interpretations serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities. The sidescan sonar mosaics also serve as base maps for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for accurate interpretation of point measurements. Purpose: This GIS overlay, which is a component of the GIS database for NOAA Survey H11045 in the West-Central Basin of Long Island Sound, contains the completed sidescan sonar mosaic for the study area. The image is projected in UTM and has not been enhanced, inverted or cropped. Light tones represent relatively soft returns, lower backscatter, and generally finer sediments. Dark tones represent relatively harder returns, higher backscatter, and generally coarser grained sediments. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2004 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.306786 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.106895 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.153685 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.018163 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center Theme_Keyword: NOAA Ship RUDE Theme_Keyword: geotiff Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar mosaic Theme_Keyword: image Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: gray scale Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Northeast United States Place_Keyword: Long Island Sound Place_Keyword: Connecticut Place_Keyword: U.S. East Coast Place_Keyword: West Central Basin Place_Keyword: Bridgeport Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as the originators of this dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1162/graphics/h11045_1m_utm18_wgs84.jpeg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Overview of the digital sidescan sonar mosaic in UTM produced for NOAA survey H11045 Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: There are no attributes associated with a GEOTIFF image. Completeness_Report: All collected data were processed and used to generate the digital mosaic Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Navigation was by differential GPS; positional accuracy to less than 10 m. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Title: h11045_1m.tif Source_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_1m.tif Source_Contribution: Original sidescan sonar mosaic created by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This image is projected in UTM to maintain the aspect ratio. Process_Step: Process_Description: The sidescan sonar imagery contained in this report was produced from data collected during 2004 as part of NOAA survey H11045 aboard the NOAA Ship RUDE. The data for these surveys were acquired in XTF (extended Triton data format) using a Klein 5500 sidescan sonar tow fish set to sweep 100 m to either side of the ship's track. The Klein 5500 tow fish emits two 50°-wide beams tilted down 20° from horizontal, and transmits at 100 kHz. The sidescan sonar were digitally recorded in XTF format using an ISIS data acquisition software package. Once digitally recorded, the XTF data were processed using CARIS SIPS. The sidescan sonar data were multiplexed and filtered to convert the data into the desired processing format and to remove speckle noise and corrected for slant-range distortions. The mosaic include the following standards: 1 meter resolution, image 'shine through' to account for areas of overlap, and auto contrast adjustment. The final image was projected in Universal Transverse Mercator to maintain the aspect ratio. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: XTF sidescan sonar data Process_Date: 2004 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_1m.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_1m.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Bryan E. Chaveau Contact_Organization: Atlantic Hydrographic Branch, National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration Contact_Position: Field Support Liason Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Hydrographic Systems and Technology Program Address: National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Address: 429 W. York Street City: Norfolk State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 23510 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (757) 441-6726 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bryan.chaveau@noaa.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The original image was converted from 24-bit grayscle to 8-bit grayscale and cropped. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_1m.tif Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_1m.tfw Process_Date: 2005 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_1m_utm18_wgs84.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_1m_utm18_wgs84.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Valerie Paskevich Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Computer Specialist, GIS Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2281 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vpaskevich@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 20886 Column_Count: 17164 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000010 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000010 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ObjectID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute: Attribute_Label: Red Attribute: Attribute_Label: Green Attribute: Attribute_Label: Blue Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Resource_Description: h11045_1m_utm18_wgs84.tif Distribution_Liability: Although this data set has been used by the USGS and NOAA, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS or NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS or NOAA in the use of these data or related materials. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: TIFF Format_Information_Content: Two files: H11045_1m_utm18_wgs84.tif and H11045_1m_utm18_wgs84.tfw File_Decompression_Technique: zip Transfer_Size: 342.042 Digital_Transfer_Option: Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD Recording_Capacity: Recording_Density: 4.75 Recording_Density_Units: Gigabytes Recording_Format: UDF Compatibility_Information: The user must have a system with a DVD capable of reading an UDF standard DVD-R disk. Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: The user must have a program capable of reading and processing "geotiff" images. Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2005 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20051103 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Elizabeth Beaulieu Contact_Position: Physical Science Lab Technician Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02540 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2277 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ebeaulieu@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile