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	Dr. Carolyn Ruppel
	U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Field Center Quissett Campus, 384 Woods Hole Rd. Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598 Tel. (508) 457-2339 Fax. (508) 457-2310 Contact: cruppel@usgs.gov

Publications

Methane Hydrates and Seeps, Deep Marine Hydrogeology/Geophysics

• Pohlman, J. W., C. Ruppel, D. Hutchinson, R.Z. Downer, and R.B. Coffin, Assessing sulfate reduction and methane cycling in a high salinity pore water system in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, Marine and Petroleum Geology, accepted for Special Volume on JIP Drilling Results, January 2008.
• Lee, J.Y., J. C. Santamarina, and C. Ruppel, Mechanical and electromagnetic properties of northern Gulf of Mexico sediments with and without THF hydrate, Marine and Petroleum Geology, accepted for Special Volume on JIP Drilling Results, January 2008.
  
• [state of research summary] Ruppel, C., and J. Pohlman, Climate change and carbon cycle: Perspectives and opportunities, Fire in Ice, DOE/National Energy Technology Lab Gas Hydrates Newsletter, pp. 5-8, January 2008.
  
• Hornbach, M., L. Lavier, and C. Ruppel, Triggering mechanism and tsunamogenic potential of the Cape Fear Slide complex, U.S. Atlantic coastal margin, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 8, Q12008, 2007 (doi:10.1029/2007GB001722).
  
• [brief workshop report] Harris, R.N., Fisher, A., Ruppel, C., and Martinez, F., 2008, Modern perspectives on measuring and interpreting seafloor heat flux, EOS Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 89(3), p. 23.
  
• Wilson, A., and C. Ruppel, Salt tectonics and shallow subseafloor fluid convection: Models of coupled fluid-heat-salt transport, Geofluids, 7(4), 377-386, 2007. (doi: 10.1111/j.1468-8123.2007.00191.x)
  
• Hornbach, M., C. Ruppel, and C.L. Van Dover, Three-dimensional structure of fluid conduits sustaining an active deep marine cold seep, Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L05601, 2007. (doi: 10.1029/2006GL028859)
• Hutchinson, D., P.E. Hart, C.D. Ruppel, F. Snyder, and B. Dugan, Seismic and thermal characterization of a bottom simulating reflector in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, in:  T.S. Collett, A. Johnson, C. Knapp, and R. Boswell (Eds.), Natural Gas Hydrates: Energy Reources and Potential and Associated Geologic Hazards.  AAPG Special Publication, in press, 2008.
• Lee, J.Y., T.S. Yun, J.C. Santamarina, and C. Ruppel, Tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a proxy for methane hydrate in laboratory studies of porous sediments, Geophysics, Geochemistry, Geosystems (G^3), 8,  Q06003,  2007. (doi: 10.1029/2006GC001531)
• Ruppel, C., Tapping methane hydrates for unconventional natural gas, Elements, 3(3), 193-199, 2007.
• Yun, T.S., J.C. Santamarina, and C. Ruppel, Mechanical properties of sand, silt, and clay containing synthetic hydrate, Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, B04106, 2007. (doi: 10.1029/2006JB004484)
• Heyl, T.P., R.M. Chambers, G.W. Gilchrist, W.P. Gilhooly, S.A. Macko, C. Ruppel, and C.L. Van Dover, Characteristics of vesicomyid clams and their environment at the Blake Ridge cold seep, Marine Ecology Progress Series, 339, 169-184, 2007.
• Hutchinson, D.R., C. Ruppel, H. Roberts, R. Carney, and M. Smith, Gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico, in: Gulf of Mexico--Its Origin (History,  Archaeology, and Geology), vol. 1, ed. by C.W. Holmes, Texas A&M University Press, in press.
• Trehu, A.M., C. Ruppel, J. Dickens, D. Goldberg, M. Holland, M. Riedel, P. Schultheiss, and M. Torres, Gas hydrates in marine sediments: lessons from ocean drilling, Oceanography, 19, 124-143, 2006.
• Yun, T.S., G. Narsilio, J.C. Santamarina, and C. Ruppel, Instrumented pressure testing chamber for characterizing sediment cores recovered at in situ hydrostatic pressure, Marine Geology, 229, 285-293, 2006 (doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2006.03.012).
• Waite, W., C. Ruppel, and S. Kirby, Comment on “Thermal and visual time-series at a seafloor gas hydrate deposit on the Gulf of Mexico slope”, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 245, 481-82, 2006. (doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.11.062).
• Castellini, D.G., G.R. Dickens, G.T. Snyder, and C.D. Ruppel, Barium cycling in shallow sediment above active mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Mexico, Chemical Geology, 226, 1-30, 2006. (doi 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.08.008).
• Francisca, F., T.S. Yun, C. Ruppel, and J.C. Santamarina, Geophysical and geotechnical properties of near-surface sediments in the Northern Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate province, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 237, 924-939, 2005. (doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.050).
• Yun, T.S., F. Francisca, J.C. Santamarina, and C. Ruppel, Compressional and shear wave velocities of uncemented sediment containing gas hydrate, Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L10609, 2005. (doi: 10.1029/2005GL022607)
• Ruppel, C., G. Dickens, D.G. Castellini, W. Gilhooly, and D. Lizarralde, Heat and salt inhibition of gas hydrate in the northern Gulf of Mexico, Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L04625, 2005. (doi:10.1029/2004GL021909)
• Hornbach, M., C. Ruppel, D. Saffer, C.L. Van Dover, and W.S. Holbrook, Coupled geophysical constraints on heat flow and fluid flux at a salt diapir, Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L24617, 2005. (doi: 10.1029/2005GL024862).
• Nimblett, J. and C. Ruppel, Permeability evolution during formation of gas hydrates in marine sediments, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108, 2420, doi: 10.1029/2001JB001650, 2003.
• Van Dover, C. and others (including Ruppel), Blake Ridge methane seeps: geological and biological contexts, Deep Sea Research, 50, 281-300, 2003.
• Ge, S., B. Bekins, J. Bredehoeft, K. Brown, E.E. Davis, S.M. Gorelick, P. Henry, H. Kooi, A.F. Moench, C. Ruppel, M. Sauter, E. Screaton, P.K. Swart, T. Tokunaga, C.I. Voss, and F. Whitaker, Fluid flow in sub-seafloor processes and future ocean drilling, EOS, 84, 145-152, 2003.
  
• Waite, W.F, deMartin, B.J, Kirby, S.H., Pinkston, J., Ruppel, C.D., Thermal conductivity measurements in porous mixtures of methane hydrate and quartz sand, Geophysical Research Letters, 2002. (doi: 10.1029/2002GL015988)
• Ruppel, C. and M. Kinoshita, Heat, fluid, and methane flux on the Costa Rican active margin off the Nicoya Peninsula, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 179, 153-165, 2000.
• Ruppel, C., Thermal state of the gas hydrate reservoir, in: Max, M. editor, Natural Gas Hydrate in Oceanic and Permafrost Environments, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 29-42, 2000.
• Wood, W. and C. Ruppel, Seismic and thermal investigations of hydrate bearing sediments on the Blake Ridge Crest: A synthesis of ODP Leg 164 results, Proc. Ocean Drilling Program, Final Reports, 164, 253-264, 2000.
• Xu, W. and C. Ruppel, Predicting the occurrence, distribution, and evolution of methane gas hydrate in porous marine sediments from analytical models, Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, ,5081-5096, 1999.
• Ruppel, C., Anomalously cold temperatures observed at the base of the gas hydrate stability zone, U.S. Atlantic passive margin, Geology, 25, 699-702, 1997.
• Paull, C., R. Matsumoto et al., [Heat flow and physical properties chapters in:] Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports 164, 1996.
• Ruppel, C., R.P. Von Herzen, and A. Bonneville, Heat flux through an old (~175 Ma) passive margin: offshore southeastern USA, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100,, 20,037-20,058, 1995.
• A. Bonneville, R.P. Von Herzen, C. Ruppel, HFSoft: Toolbox for processing marine heat flow data, WHOI Technical Memorandum, 54 pp., 1993.

Hydrogeophysics and Coastal Zone Hydrology

• Schultz, G., C. Ruppel, and P. Fulton, Integrating hydrologic and geophysical data to constrain coastal surficial aquifer processes at multiple spatial and temporal scales, in Subsurface Hydrology: Data Integration for Properties and Processes, ed. by D.W. Hyndman, F.D. Day-Lewis, and K. Singha, American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph Series, 171, pp. 161-182, 2007. (doi: 10.1029/171GM13)
• Schultz, G. and C. Ruppel, Inversion of inductive electromagnetic data in high induction number terrains, Geophysics, 70, G16-G28, 2005. (doi:10.1190/1.1852775)
• Snyder, M., M. Taillefert, and C. Ruppel, Redox zonation at the saline-influenced boundaries of a permeable surficial aquifer: effects of physical forcing on the biogeochemical cycling of iron and manganese, Journal of Hydrology, 296, 164-178, 2004 (doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.019.)
• Schultz, G. and C. Ruppel, Constraints on hydraulic parameters and implications for groundwater flux across the upland-estuary interface, Journal of Hydrology, 260, , 255-269, 2002.
• Ruppel, C., G. Schultz, and S. Kruse, Anomalous freshwater lens morphology on a strip barrier island, Ground Water, 38, 872-881, 2000.

Large Scale Tectonics (Marine and Continental)

• Salters, V.J.M., P.C. Ragland, W.E. Hames, K. Milla, C. Ruppel, Temporal chemical variations within lowermost Jurassic tholeiitic magmas of the Central Atlantic magmatic province, in: Central Atlantic Magmatic Province, edited by W.E. Hames, J.G. McHone, P.R. Renne, and C. Ruppel, Geophysical Monograph 136, Washington: AGU, 163-178, 2002.
• Von Herzen, R.P., Ruppel, C., Nettles, M., Nagihara, S., Molnar, P., and Ekstrom, G., A constraint on the shear stress at the Pacific-Australia plate boundary from heat flow and seismicity at the Kermadec forearc, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106, 6817-6833, 2001.
• Hames, W.E., P. Renne, and C. Ruppel, New evidence for geologically instantaneous emplacement of the earliest Jurassic Central Atlantic magmatic province basalts on the North American margin, Geology, 28, 859-862, 2000.
• Ruppel, C., Extensional processes in continental lithosphere [Review paper for AGU's 75th Anniversary], Journal of Geophysical Research, 100, 24,187-24,215, 1995.
• Schilling, J.-G., C. Ruppel, A.N. Davis, B. McCully, S.A. Tighe, R.H. Kingsley, and J. Lin, Thermal structure of the mantle beneath the Equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge: inferences from the spatial variation of dredge basalt glass compositions, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100, 10,057-10,076, 1995.
• Hooft, E., M. Kleinrock, and C. Ruppel, Rifting of oceanic crust at Endeavor Deep on the boundary of the Juan Fernandez microplate, Marine Geophysical Research, 17, 251-273, 1995.
• Ruppel, C. and K.V. Hodges, Role of horizontal thermal conduction and finite thrust emplacement in simulation of pressure-temperature-time paths, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 123, 49-60, 1994.
• Ruppel, C. and K. Hodges, Pressure-temperature-time paths from 2D thermal models: prograde, retrograde, and inverted metamorphism, Tectonics, 13, 17-44, 1994.
• Ruppel, C., M.G. Kogan, and M.K. McNutt, Implications of two-dimensional gravity data for Baikal Rift zone structure, Geophysical Research Letters, 20, 1639-1642, 1993.
• Ruppel, C. and M. McNutt, Regional isostasy of the Greater Caucasus Mountains from an analysis of Bouguer gravity data, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 98, p. 360-379, 1990.
• Ruppel, C., Royden, L., and K. Hodges, Thermal modelling of extensional tectonics: application to pressure-temperature- time histories of metamorphic rocks, Tectonics, 7, p. 947-957, 1988.