Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Originator: Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Publication_Date: 200509 Title: H11044_GEO_WGS84_ENHAN.TIF: Enhanced composite sidescan sonar mosaic of NOAA survey H11044 in West-Central Long Island Sound off Milford, Connecticut (geographic) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1018 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1018/data/sidescan/h11044/enhan/h11044_geo_wgs84_enhan.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: K.Y. McMullen Originator: L.J. Poppe Originator: V.F. Paskevich Originator: E.F. Doran Originator: M.S. Moser Originator: E.B. Christman Originator: A.L. Beaver Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Surficial Geologic Interpretation and Sidescan Sonar Imagery of the Sea Floor in West-Central Long Island Sound Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1018 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1018 Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, has produced detailed geologic maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States. These studies have built upon cooperative research with the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982. The current phase of this research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, nearshore environmental concerns, and the relation of benthic community structures to the sea-floor geology. Anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994). Detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help manage resources wisely in the future. Therefore, in a continuing effort to better understand Long Island Sound, we have constructed and interpreted sidescan sonar mosaics (complete-coverage acoustic images of the sea floor) within specific areas of special interest. The mosaic presented herein covers a section of the sea floor in west-central Long Island Sound off Milford, Connecticut. The mosaics and their interpretations serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities. The sidescan sonar mosaics also serve as base maps for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for accurate interpretation of point measurements. Purpose: This GIS overlay is a component of NOAA Survey H11044, Long Island Sound, ArcView GIS database and contains the completed sidescan sonar mosaic for the study area. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2004 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.869907 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.775833 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.237200 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.151200 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHSC Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Theme_Keyword: CT-DEP Theme_Keyword: NOAA Ship RUDE Theme_Keyword: geotiff Theme_Keyword: ArcView Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar mosaic Theme_Keyword: image Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General Place_Keyword: Long Island Sound Place_Keyword: Connecticut Place_Keyword: Milford Place_Keyword: northeast United States Place_Keyword: U.S. East Coast Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Ocean Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the originators of this dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1018/data/sidescan/h1044/enhanced/h11044_geo_wgs84_enhan-thumb.gif Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Thumbnail overview image of the digital sidescan sonar mosaic. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1018/data/sidescan/h1044/enhanced/h11044_geo_wgs84_enhan.gif Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Overview image of the digital sidescan sonar mosaic. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF Data_Set_Credit: The NOAA Ship RUDE collected the sidescan data, LTJG Marc Moser (NOAA) and Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen (CT-DEP) processed the data, Larry Poppe (USGS) created the metadata. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: K.Y. McMullen Originator: L.J. Poppe Originator: M.L. DiGiacomo-Cohen Originator: M.S. Moser Originator: E.B. Christman Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Surficial Geology of the Sea Floor in West-Central Long Island Sound as Shown by Sidescan Sonar Imagery Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences Issue_Identification: v. 27, no. 1, p. 60-70. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Lawrence, Kansas Publisher: Allen Press Data_Quality_Information: Completeness_Report: All collected data were processed and used to generate the digital mosaic. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Navigation was by differential GPS; postional accuracy to less than 10 m. Lineage: Source_Information: Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM Process_Step: Process_Description: The sidescan sonar imagery contained in this report was produced from data collected during 2001-2002 as part of NOAA surveys H11043 and H11044 aboard the NOAA Ship RUDE. The data for these surveys were acquired in XTF (extended Triton data format) using an Edgetech (EG&G) 272T sidescan sonar tow fish set to sweep about 100 m to either side of the ship's track. The Edgetech model 272T tow fish emits two 50°-wide beams tilted down 20° from horizontal, and transmits at 100 kHz. All side-scan sonar data were recorded digitally through a Triton Elics International ISIS data acquisition system. The sidescan sonar data were multiplexed and filtered to convert the data into the desired processing format and to remove speckle noise and corrected for slant-range distortions. and imported into SonarWeb, an application that creates mosaics from raw XTF sidescan sonar data. The mosaic include the following standards: 1 meter resolution, image 'shine through', and auto contrast adjustment (with a 12.9% contrast increase). Originally produced aboard in UTM, the image was changed to geographic Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: XTF sidescan sonar data Process_Date: 2002 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044100mosaic.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044100mosaic.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Marc Moser Contact_Organization: NOAA Contact_Position: Field Support Liaison Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Hydrographic Systems and Technology Program Address: , National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration City: Norfolk State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 23510 Country: USA Process_Step: Process_Description: The original image was converted to ArcGIS GRID format (imagegrid command) and then reprojected from UTM zone 18 to geographic. File (originally named h11044_geo.tif) was renamed to be more descriptive and include the ellipsoid name. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044100mosaic.tif (h11044_utm18_wgs84.tif) Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_geo_wgs84.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_geo_wgs84.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen Contact_Organization: CT-DEP Contact_Position: GIS Specialist Contact_Voice_Telephone: 860-405-9015 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lisrc@uconnvm.uconn.edu Process_Step: Process_Description: The image in ArcGIS GRID format remapped (eitest.rmp) to produce an enhance image with more contrast (customized equal interval linear spread) and a white border collar. Grid was clipped to remove excessive border resulting from projection Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_geo_wgs84.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_geo_wgs84_enhan.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_geo_wgs84_enhan.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Connecticut DEP Contact_Person: Mary DiGiacomo-Cohen Contact_Position: GIS Specialist Contact_Voice_Telephone: 860-405-9015 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lisrc@uconnvm.uconn.edu Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 30189 Column_Count: 26910 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Planar: Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000007 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000007 Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 6356752.3142451793 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ObjectID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute: Attribute_Label: Red Attribute: Attribute_Label: Green Attribute: Attribute_Label: Blue Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data: h11044_geo_wgs84_enhan.tif Distribution_Liability: Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CT-DEP), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS or NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS, CT-DEP, or NOAA in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: TIFF Format_Information_Content: A zip file containing the GeoTIFF image, world file and accompanying metadata file. File_Decompression_Technique: zip 8.0 Transfer_Size: 75.152 Kb Digital_Transfer_Option: Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD-ROM Recording_Capacity: Recording_Density: 4.75 Recording_Density_Units: Gbytes Recording_Format: UDF Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: This image is available as a GEOTIFF image with an accompanying world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20050823 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: U.S. Geological Survey Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile